Employee Motivation Strategies At Pizza Hut

Employee Motivation Strategies At Pizza Hut The researcher is of the view that motivation is understood by individuals isolated ways; it can either be by enlarged fiscal exhaust, augmentation or better profession expects, acknowledgment from upper-class and superior administration or it can be individual improvement and progress. The researcher refers to Pizza Huts Human Resource procedures as a centre of attention spot in the projected research. It is proposed to distinguish how the overall performance of the company depends on the proper management of the employees through motivation. Another belief of the researcher is that competition is in broad extrinsic because it cheers the performer to be successful and beat competitors and not to have the benefit of the fundamental rewards of the pursuit. 1.1. Title of the Research Proposal: An Investigation into Employee Motivation at Pizza Hut 1.2. Background to the organisation: Pizza Hut is a multinational restaurant and delivery company which is established in America in 1958. Now pizza Hut is the leading company in the world as it has the highest number of outlets and the high percentage of market share. The company oversees more than 11,000 pizza restaurants and delivery stores in 90 countries all over the world. Source: International Directory of Company Histories, Vol. 21. St. James Press, 1998. Pizza Hut constantly observes and supervises its employees and guarantees that they are contented with the strategies and any of the feedbacks are taken as a consideration for the policy and the services. 1.3 Importance of Research: The research proposal is based on the employee motivation of an organization. Employee motivation is one of the major drivers of organizational performance. The importance of the proposed research is as follows: 1.3.1. Importance to organization: The researcher will be able to identify that if the employees of an organization are highly motivated and optimistic they will do all the necessary works to accomplish the purpose of the organization as well as they will be keep going with any of the potential challenges. The researcher will also able to evaluate how the employee motivation effects to the stability of an organization. 1.3.2. Importance to academic body of knowledge: The researcher believes that the completed research will provide academic benefits to all its users whether a management and non-management background. This research will provide the various theories and literature based on the employee motivation which governed at different stages and circumstances. If it is not so possible, the researcher is going to illustrate the best premises from the existing theories to execute an action plan for Pizza hut. 1.3.3. Personal importance: At present the researcher works as a support manager of same organization accountable for convalescing and boosting employee motivations within the company. With this research, researcher feels to have a scope to generate the weekly reward system and structure an incentive plan for the crew members. Apart from that the researcher has expanded a good perceptive of how the motivation is related with the theories and how the internal business runs. Most of all, the researcher learnt how to handle work force throughout the research proposal. 1.4. Research Objectives: The purpose of research is to answers and to discover answers to research questions through the application of scientific procedures. The main aim of research is to search for truth which is hidden and which has not been discovered as yet. The researcher anticipates examining and distinguishing the followings: To critically evaluate the existing literature on employee motivation To identify distinct models that facilitate clarify matters on employee motivation To analyze the reasons of employee de-motivation. To examine the dynamic motivational enticements provided by Pizza Hut. To develop an instructive theory that related confident aspects with the efficiency of the employee motivation. To recommend proposal for improving employee motivation. 1.5. Research questions: The researcher presumes that the proposed research will explore employee motivation features but there are also other surprising questions may appear. The proposed dissertation will look for the way out set up by the following questions: What is the significance of employee motivation? What does the inspiration of employee motivation necessitate? How do the distinct theories of employee motivation correlate? Why does employee motivation lead to successful organization? What are the key factors that can enhance the motivation in Pizza Hut employees? What are the main features Pizza Hut can take to move on employee motivation? 2. Literature Review: A literature review utilizes as its database information of primary or original learning, and does not account new primary research itself. Cooper (1988), Motivation can be defined as the psychosomatic method that provides activities function and way. In easy way to write that motivation is the internal power that drives persons to attain targets in both individual and professional. Kreitner (1995) 2.1. Maslows (1943) Hierarchy of Needs: Abraham Maslow (1943) set up a pyramid which he called essential needs supported in order to significance. Maslow (1943) as cited Kotler (2001) suggested that there is also a prospect that individuals may prefer to give up most of their needs, becoming sufferer for living with high ethical values. According to the original and eventual and fundamental Maslows (1943) Hierarchy of needs, five human motivational needs are as follows: Physiological and Biological Requirements: fundamental requirements for survival like hunger, desire and thirst, sensory satisfaction. Phychol (1941) Safety Requirements: shelter from hurt or risk of danger or death, commandment, restrictions, strength, etc. Social Requirements: also can be described as love wants that means desire to offer and accept love, liking and affiliation, etc. Freud (1937) Esteem Requirements: self-respect, realization, freedom, position, governance, reputation, executive accountability, etc. Goldstein (1939) Self-Actualization Requirements: understanding individual aptitude, self- realization, looking for individual augmentation and knowledge. Source: http://www.businessballs.com/maslow.htm It is not possible to encourage someone to reach his/her sales goal (level 4) when he is having struggles with his/her marriage (level 3). Similarly, its impossible to expect someone to be a team leader (level 3) while he/she is on his house re-possessing (level 2). 2.2. Banduras (1977) Self-Efficacy Theory: In 1977, Albert Bandura hypothesized the Self-Efficacy theory which supports the principle that motivation and operation results are main causal features where an individual regards as he/she can achieve the job. Self-Efficacy and Self-Esteem There is a minor dissimilarity among these terminologies: Self-efficacy means the capability to achieve a positive role; on the other hand self-esteem exposes the faith of individuals personality. Self-fulfilling Prophecy: People hold high self-efficacy will have the high assurance and be successful in satisfying and completing a given task successfully. Goal-Difficulty: People who have high self-efficacy lean to appoint and unite challenging objectives. Success Rate: Self-efficacy possibly will stalk from previous good performance or unsuccessful. When the new incentive plan will be introduced at Pizza Hut it should be seen from the better performance of employees from the past. Goal-dedication: To pursue a certain goal there may difficult barrier arise but if the employees have high self-efficacy must exhibit high goal responsibility. 2.3. McGregors (1960) XY Theory: The XY Theory was proposed by the famous psychologist Douglas McGregor in his book The Human Side of Enterprise in 1960. McGregor was an American social psychologist, whose theory proposed a stage to expand optimistic administration approach and procedures, so that even today McGregors X-Y Theory is broadly used to obtain information for executive progress. Theory X The managers who are in theory X group are expected to be oppressive. It is difficult to deal with the people who are in the group when they start to perform their job. When the theory deals with the employees, it is seen that they need continuous command, less responsibility, they are not determined, desires job safety and security. Theory Y The managers who are to this grouping are supposed to have participative supervision approach. They seem to be centric administrators who have faith in hands-on attitude to daily concern. This is the belief of the researcher that Pizza Hut will have more Y theory employees as well as managers to enhance the situation of the organization. 2.4. Adams Equity theory: With the analysis of theories recommended by Maslow, Herzberg and other pioneers of workplace and behavioural psychologist, John Stacey Adams set out his Equity Theory in 1963. Adams (1963) conferred his own understanding of an incentive -to- endeavour proportion by signifying that all employees provide their inputs and receive outputs. Inputs are what are given into labour like allegiance, loyalty, gives up long working hours when needed. Outputs are all that is taken out in return like compensation, reward, acknowledgment etc. The researcher deeply believes that the administration at pizza Hut should consistently interconnect to the employees and reveal company information, enquiries and other special offers as well as reward system among them. 2.5. Herzbergs (1959) Two Factor Theory: Frederick Herzberg is recognized with the creation of the two factors theory. Herzberg (1959) did his investigation among 200 engineers and accountants and was proficient to establish that satisfaction and dissatisfaction at work stalked from different aspects not from differing response. The two factors theory is consisting of hygiene and motivational needs. Hygiene factor is also known as maintenance factors such as: Compensation benefits of employee Policy for company Personal and professional life Job safety Relation with others Working environment. Motivational needs are more fundamental by people such as: Attainment Acknowledgment Job itself Accountability Career Augmentation From the theory, the researcher desires to force the point that there must be a great stability amid the hygiene and motivational requirements at Pizza Hut. 2.6. Vrooms (1964) expectancy theory: According to Vroom (1964), the motivation is subjective not only by prestige of a conclusion but an appraisal of its viability. Calculation of probability of an effect being attained is in turn inclined by three things as follows: Accessibility of the required conclusion Individual confidence that a definite action will consequence in conclusion Individual assurance that one has the capability to execute the necessary act effectively. 3.1. Academic Debate: A main question stand to the research subject is why is Motivation so essential? Motivation is a composite purpose for executives to follow as McGregors (1960) XY theory but depends on the different categories. Kovach (1987) monitored as at unique profession points motivation requirements are different. For example, while an employee is young and income enhance, money becomes less motivator whereas later exciting work becomes more of motivator. Adam (1965) Equity Theory notified that when there is lack of gratitude in workplace, discrimination possibly will appear. On the other hand, Houran (2007) notified the initiation of small cluster enticement which cheers employees to give more inputs as McGregors (1960) XY theory illustrates. Martin (2001) in his pragmatic learning has augmented problems recruiting potential employees by following the right method of recruiting. While recruitment is done it is not expected that the employees will be automatically motivated. 3.2. Beyond the debate: The theories which have been described are the shedding of motivation. Nonetheless the theories are followed; the most important factors are the fascinating work and intensive pay for the employee. The researcher understood that if there is the proper configuration in between individual and proficient objects, then employee motivation is an easy task. There are other choices such as job improvement, enhancement, encouragement, fiscal and non-fiscal reward (e.g. identification) should be well thought-out. It may be really tough to moderate the reward system of an organization for all individuals but it is possible to formulate an acceptable method which is suitable for both employees and company. 4. Research Methodology: Saunders et.al (2009) rationalized the methodology as the method of how research should be carried out. By means, methodology has been referred to the procedures and implementations used to attain and investigate data (Ibid). 4.1. Research Philosophy: Research philosophy can be defined as the expansion of learning in a distinct subject and the characteristics of that learning. Saunders et.al (2009) According to Saunders et.al (2009), there are three major types of research philosophy: Epistemology Epistemology can be sub divided into followings: Positivism Positivism has a meaningful theoretical point of view which has the required reflection of data that is being taken. The existing theory will assist to bring about thesis. If data is been collected properly only then a research approach and strategy can be concluded wherein data can be collected. Realism This philosophical approach testifies that what is professed by the right mind and what is the truth, it is not driven by the existing theory or belief and individual assessment and imitations. However, Realism is only significant when data is accrued, evaluated and illuminated. Interpretivism Interpretivism raises the thought that the communal issue is crucial to identify with the variation among human essence. It is known that each and every human creature is a social performer who interprets his/her basic and social wants and for the others which he/she can realize from the thought. Ontology Ontology philosophical approach which overlays the way, as cited in Saunders et.al (2009), to the sufficiency of the learning gained by the overall investigation progress. The features of authenticity and the view how the process is carried out are more important in this philosophy. Axiology Axiology is one type of philosophical approach which deals with the observations and evaluation conceded on human morals that are demonstrated to clarify that the research is done with the credibility. 4.2. Research Approach: As the researcher ready decided the research philosophy he will adapt so it must be thought for the most appropriate research approach to be carried out the research. According to Saunders et.al (2007), the major research approaches includes: Deductive Approach Deductive approach is what to test existing theory. The deductive approach inclines more to the positivism. Saunders et.al (2009) which is cited by Robson (2002) hypothesizes that if the deductive approach is selected, there are 5 stages how the research will be carried out: Investigating the association between conceptions or variables and then test the hypothesis. The conceptions or variables will be calculated and then expressed in effective terminologies. Testing of hypothesis. Assessing the outcomes. Acknowledge or modify the conceptions. Inductive Approach Inductive approach is necessarily more research oriented because here the researcher collects the data and critically analyzes and then develops a hypothesis from all the observations. If the data is available and if the data is well interpreted then it is possible to make an knowledgeable appraisal about the projected research design. Secondly, access of data can be very partial or sometimes totally impossible to access or may be the researcher does not have prior knowledge. Easterby-Smith et.al (2002) cited in Saunders et.al (2009) As the research objectives are formulated, the researcher must choose the deductive approach because of the existing data. The researcher considers that in deductive approach the data does exist and that is why the overall research will be quicker and smooth and the another reason for choosing deductive approach that the researcher feels that there is a low risk in this approach. 4.3. Research Strategy As the deductive approach is chosen it is important to choose the similar research strategy to match. There are some important research strategies include: Experiment Case study Action research Grounded theory Ethnography and archival research Survey Source: Saunders et.al (2009) From above research strategies the researcher feels that the most appropriate strategy will be the survey framing a questionnaire. The researcher will carry out the questionnaire with the data collected from the current employees at Pizza Hut within his store as well as the other. 5. Research Sampling: The research will be focusing on the questionnaire based on the employees, support managers and the RGM. The employees who are in the restaurant and the delivery units will be the main focus. Sampling methods can be categorized as: Saunders et.al (2009) Probability or Representative Sampling: If the probability of each personal being taken from the complete personnel is known then it is called representative sampling. The probability sampling is perfect for survey and investigational research strategies. Non Probability or Judgmental Sampling; If the probability of each personal being taken from the complete personnel is unknown then it is called judgmental sampling, this would be essential if it is used in a pilot survey. From above sampling the researcher will be taking probability sampling for his research because the sample of his research is fully known. 6. Research Credibility: The research is credible when there is less research is done in this precise part in the organization. Credibility depends on the faithfulness of the researcher that it is only be used for the academic purposes. The most important factor is to believe that the variables which researcher has taken are appropriate for the specific research. Furthermore, the confidentiality for research work is also important and the anonymity is another part of research work. The researcher must acknowledge that the data he/she got from the participants, these will confident and no third party will be involved here. Validity is all about determining if the generated outcomes are essentially true. There are some threats mentioned in Saunders et.al (2009): The researcher must be concern when he will carry out the research. Furthermore, if the researcher wants to attain the data from every step, the employees may not like it and may be they will refuse to disclose. There should not be a specific time for the participants to complete the questionnaire. There are some aspects have to be maintained: Time management and choosing of right variables for the research. The participants must not be prejudiced by higher authority, mystery should be there. The questionnaire must be systematic and free of error. The data collection must be correct even though there is any critical situation. 7. Time Horizon: There are two well known methods are used traditionally for the studies of development are: Longitudinal or Cross sectional. However, both methods have advantages as well as disadvantages. Salkind (2004) Longitudinal study is a relationship research study that necessitates frequent observations of the identical objects over an extent phase of time, where the time can be for 5 to 10 years or more. The Cross sectional study is a study that necessitates observations of all of inhabitants on a representative subset at a distinct time where the time can be 6 to 12 months. The researcher will be using the cross sectional technique because the short period of time and the variables of the research is known. The longitudinal technique will not help the researcher because there is not so much time for the frequent observations of the identical matter as the participants will not be interested. 8. Data Collection: Secondary research methods: Secondary data refers to the data that has been collected by others for another purpose. The main advantage of collecting the secondary data is that it can save considerable time and effort as the data already exists. Among secondary data, the following types of secondary will be examined- Academic research E-resources Company website Other relevant publication Media Documentary secondary data Survey based secondary data Primary research methods The objectives in conducting the primary research is to acquire new and the latest data in order to be processed into useful information to give solution to the research question. If the data collected does not meet the aspects of reliability and validity, the research will not get its credibility. The researcher will choose both the methods because collecting secondary data is less time and money consuming and data is sustainable, authentic and reliable. Secondary data is innovative and easy for comparison and most importantly easy to access and available. Primary method is an effective as comments and responses can be attained by applying less effort, time and money. 9. Ethical Issues: Ethics while the research is carrying out is linked with the overall process that the way research topic is chosen, intended, the data collection methods, data analyzing process and stored all through the credibility and fairness. The researcher is going to go behind his own regulations of ethics which will a classical model are as follows: Privacy of participants Participants ability to withdraw partially or completely from the research Confidential maintenance of data given to protect anonymity Participants should be comfortable while sharing information Researchers right to safety Deception Participants confidentiality Discrimination Respecting target sample Right to anonymity No risk of harm Source: Saunders et.al (2009) 10. Data Access and Resource Implication: The researcher kept in his mind while choosing the objectives and the questions that where he can gain access the data. The proposal should be on that particular area where the researcher has the access to the essential data to complete a successful dissertation. Naom(2007). The researcher will use all sources of data which will have the availability of access to complete the research. The data will be collected from various academic books, articles, journal etc. The data also will be collected from the various internet search engine, e-journal, articles etc. Another important source is from the organisations website. Collection of data is through direct survey, averages in order to get perfect data directly from the employees. In terms of expenses all the elements will be reasonably priced and the researcher will try to keep all the costs as low as possible. Because of the interview will be taken in store so there will be no expense for this. 11. Action Plan TASKS TIME 1. Academic Knowledge June 2010 2. Topic Selection June 2010 3. Firm up Objectives and questions July 2010 4. Research Literature July 2010 5. Write Literature Review Aug 2010 6. Write Methodology Aug 2010 7. Prepare Questionnaire Sep 2010 8. Pilot Questionnaire Refine Sep 2010 9. Administer Questionnaire/ Collect Data/ Analyse Data Oct 2010 10. Write Findings Oct 2010 11. Write discussion/ Conclusion/ Recommendation Nov 2010 12. Reflective review Nov 2010 13. Proof Reading Dec 2010 14. Turn it in and Print Binding Jan 2011 15. Submit Dissertation Jan 2011 12. References: Adams (1963) Bandura, A. (1977). Self efficacy: toward a unifying theory of behavioural change. Broom (1964) Cooper H. M. (1988). The structure of knowledge synthesis Knowledge in Society, vol. 1, pp. 104-126 Freud, A (1937), The ego and the mechanisms of defence, Hogarth, London Psychological Review Goldstein, K (1939), The Organism, American Book Company, New York. Herzbergs (1959) Kotler, Armstrong, Saunders, Wong (2001): Principles of Marketing, Prentice Hall Kreitner, R. (1995). Management, 6th Edition, Boston: Houghton Mifflin Company. McGregors (1960) Martin, Samuel (2001). Secrets of Employee Motivation, Journal of the American Chiropractic Association. Maslow, A. H. (1943). A Theory of Human Motivation. Psychological Review, July 1943. 370-396. Phychol. Bull(1941), The experimental analysis of appetite, p 129-164 Salkind N J (2004). An Introduction to Theories of Human Development, SAGE Saunders, M., Lewis, P. and Thornhill, A. (2007) Research Methods for Business Students, 5th Edition, Prentice Hall, p. 108, 119, 124, 127, 140-142, 155-160, http://www.fundinguniverse.com/company-histories/Pizza-Hut-Inc-Company-History.html http://www.pizzahutfranchise.co.uk/html/history.html

Save the Earth, Save Mankind

Good morning Miss and my fellow classmates. Today, I would like to talk to you about topic on â€Å"save the earth and save mankind†. My dearest audience, imagine it’s after class now and you’re heading back to your car under the bright hot sun. After you get in the car, you grab some tissue and wipe all your sweat. What would you do after using the tissue? Well, let’s be frank. We wind down the window and just throw them outside. It is fun doing it when you see no cars behind or beside you. Let’s pollute the earth and hopefully clog the drain.We would love to swim in the flood. Next, imagine you just woke up from your sleep, went to wash up while leaving the air conditioner on. After washing up, you feel like having a cold soft drink in your room. So you open up the fridge saw some chocolate bar, hesitate a while, grab a can of soft drink and went back to your room. While you’re about to step into your room, you feel like having a bar of cho colate, so you go back to the fridge, get a bar of chocolate and went upstairs. Now the most enjoyable magical moment in this morning is the moment you step into your room.With a can of soft drinks, a bar of chocolate and most importantly is the cold enjoyable CFC releasing room. What more to ask in such relaxing morning? Imagine your friend called you up and he asked you to come over to his walking distance house. What would you do? Well of course you start your car and drive to his house because it is an irrational act to walk to your friend’s house. Reason because you’ll be a victim to kidnappers? Unfortunately no, but something even worse than being kidnapped, it is because the sun will melt you down and the distance will break your leg.Let’s drive more and burn more fuel to release more carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide to the air. Who says we cannot fight god’s creation? We can increase the earth temperature and defeat mother earth with greenhouse effect! Imagine you’re a person with the authority to voice out in your country. In order for a country to develop, the best way is to develop land. So let’s organize campaign to support deforestation! Let’s celebrate for every single tree being cut down and you’ll see new project in the future. Let’s support burning down more forest and hope for a better economy.Burn more and increase the greenhouse temperature. We would love to inhale polluted air but not with forest around us. Imagine you’re living in the arctic, freezing cold, no place to go during winter so you just stay at home and pray that the people from other region can help melting the ice by increasing global temperature. The best part of melting the ice is not to solve the cold temperature but to increase the sea level. Let’s pray and hope for a rise in sea level. Let’s cover more land with sea and with this increase of sea level let’s hope for another mega tsunami.We shall wait for a brand new video on this beautiful tragedy. Let us all leave the air conditioner in the room turned on while we’re not using. Let’s drive more and burn more fuel. Let’s burn more and increase the earth temperature. Let’s increase the temperature and melt the ice. Let’s melt the ice and increase the sea level. Let’s increase the sea level and pray for more tragedy. Now please take a minute to think! In the end, who is the one suffering? Who is the one will pray for a better day to live? Who is the one begging for another chance to fix the problem?We are the one. But don’t be afraid. I’m here to remind you the ways of preventing. Let me start with the easiest way which is start recycling. Since young, we were all taught to learn how to recycle by differentiating different types of material that can be recycled such as glass, paper, aluminum and plastic. This is the easiest way that we can start to help saving the earth. By recycling, we reduce factory production and therefore it reduces the air pollution as well. With one stone, we can kill 2 birds, it’s worth a shot.

The Unexplained Mystery Into Compare and Contrast Essay Topics for College Uncovered

The Unexplained Mystery Into Compare and Contrast Essay Topics for College Uncovered Compare and Contrast Essay Topics for College - the Conspiracy At the same time that you may be someone who can begin an essay off of the surface of your head free of issue, a lot of people find it simpler to sit down and write out an outline before beginning. In your introduction write a few sentences proving that there's a great reason behind comparison. For example an individual may opt for a topic like, life in the shoes of a werewolf. Or you're risking of getting blocked by bad understanding of your topic and inability to come up with the idea as it ought to be. Whether you're ready to compose your compare and contrast essay or you're in the practice of inventing your very own catchy topic it would be of help to check out compare and contrast essay examples to have a very clear picture of what you need to write. The topic for a compare and contrast essay will probably be set by the topi c or course a student is enrolled. You might discover that starting a compare and contrast essay is simpler than you might have imagined. A contrast essay isn't as complicated as you believe. The thesis statement stipulates the principal point of or ideas in your essay. You're aiming to compose the ideal essay! You might also understand the leadership essay. You might also observe the descriptive essay. Comparison Of Websites When creating the internet content, it is necessary to regard the tone and language. Based on the strategy you need to use, you'll need to decide on an appropriate compare and contrast essay outline. Now that you're conscious of the dangers of employing a compare and contrast essay sample, along with the simple fact that trying to find one is many times a time-consuming process in itself, you could be wondering if a custom written essay service may help you. 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For instance, if you have to produce a comparison between two unique events through two aspects, you're need two paragraphs. Facts, Fiction and Compare and Contrast Essay Topics for College There are lots of words that you are able to utilize to connect your thoughts and show how you're comparing or contrasting your topics. Simply create two overlapping circles, one for each one of the top ics which you're comparing. So now you understand how to pick the best compare and contrast topics and the various segments that you want to address when writing. Lucky for you, there are a lot of topics you could concentrate on when writing and it's all your responsibility to figure out the precise topic that you wish to build on. Compare and Contrast Essay Topics for College Help! The very first thing you ought to do is identify the sort of compare and contrast essay which you're handling. For instance, you may assist the reader see a meaningful connection between both subjects. You can begin with the kind of topic you select for your compare and contrast essay. If you want to obtain a complimentary example, there's no greater place to search than an expert online writing website. In order to comprehend how to begin an essay, you have to first have a complete comprehension of what you're likely to be writing about. Just utilize all you can remember from this issue you're working with. When it can be less painful to write on a well-known topic, with a little research and organization, a writer can make an essay on a number of subject areas if assigned. In the event the topic you're working with is exciting for you, we're sure it is totally simple to work with this. Where to Find Compare and Contrast Essay Topics for College If necessary, you could always turn to professionals to supply you with a nudge or assist you with your topics or sources. Write down a list of topics you find appealing, analyze all the probable sources and select the one, which isn't just intriguing but has plenty of evidence to found your essay on. You have to try to remember that such an essay is about presenting your point of view and backing it by reliable sources and data. So as to continue to keep your essay informative and engaging, you will want to source for factual information which not only impresses the reader but also teaches them something they might not ha ve already known. Where to Find Compare and Contrast Essay Topics for College Realistically, either kind of essay will normally tackle both similarities and differences. Compare and contrast essays means you must analyze the similarities and differences between a few things. Comparison essays have a tendency to concentrate on similarities, whilst contrast essays concentrate on differences. A decent compare-and-contrast essay goes beyond a very simple listing of similarities and differences to earn a meaningful statement about a bigger topic. Up in Arms About Compare and Contrast Essay Topics for College? Thirdly, choose the format in which you will organize your essay and finally, you've got to use suitable transitions in order for your ideas can flow logically. If you opt to ask a question, don't neglect to hint at the answer within the next portion of your paper. Your capability to make a fantastic paper is dependent on structuring an ideal outline. How to Choose Compa re and Contrast Essay Topics for College A strong essay is going to have an opening paragraph that comes with a thesis statement and a concluding paragraph. It is possible to restate your thesis statement and point out a number of the arguments used over the whole essay that backs it up. If necessary, you might review how to compose a comparison or contrast essay in the former post. What remains unchecked needs to be addressed in the contrast paragraphs. Although the connection between teaching and acting might not look to be an obvious one, the more it is thought about, the simpler it is to observe the similarities between both jobs. College is a time for students to concentrate on courses that are unique to the student's career objectives. Every student was assigned a compare and contrast essay at least one time in a lifetime. Students who excel in writing about such complex topic could have an opportunity to be enrolled into a number of the very best Art universities to com e up with their abilities and talent.

The Power of Music Therapy Essay examples - 1013 Words

Ever wonder why a song may bring tears to your eyes? Or how music allows you to recall a specific memory of your past? Well others have thought of the same questions and actually have been able to harness the power of music and direct it toward healthcare. This practice is known today as Music Therapy. Music Therapy is the prescribed use of music and music related techniques to assist and motivate a person towards specific, nonmusical goals. Music therapists use their training to effect changes in the cognitive, physical, communication, social, and emotional skills. This type of therapy utilizes music and music related activities to modify ineffective learning patterns, help to promote emotional, mental, social and physical growth and†¦show more content†¦Every day it is applied in many health setting including operating and delivery rooms, along with private practice. The simplest way of listening to music it to listen in the sensuous plane. It is the plane on which we hear music without thinking, without considering it in any way. One turns on the radio while doing something else and absent-mindedly bathes in the sound. A kind of brainless but attractive state of mind is engendered by the mere sound appeal of the music (Copland 1), which explains why Music Therapy is such an easy and tolerated method by both healthcare professionals as well as their patients. Many professionals have acknowledged this information such as, Members of the Research Group in Pediatric Anesthesiology at the Hospital for Sick Children in Paris and doctors in many American hospitals have used carefully selected types of music to reduce their patients dependency on tranquillizers (Leymarie 218). After all, musical eurhythmics enables the patient to be at peace with both him/herself as well as with the rest of the world (Leymarie 220), this practice of coordinating bodily movement as an aid to musical development. Although there is not yet a well-documented theory to explain how music therapy works, research shows that it reduces blood pressure, heart rate, respiration and body temperature. It benefits moods and seems able to improve immune and hormone function. In the March 2005 issue of the journal Medical Herald, JoanneShow MoreRelatedDementia And The Power Of Music Therapy By Steve Matthews1011 Words   |  5 Pages In the article â€Å"Dementia and the Power of Music Therapy† by Steve Matthews, argues that music therapy has positive effects on dementia, in terms of non-pharmacological treatment, inexpensive in health budgets, and neurocognitive benefits for patients. Matthews starts off the article by describing current tendency of dementia in western nation. He mentions that dementia is one of fast increasing disease in United States, Canada, UK, Europe, and Australia. Additionally, Australian government’s investmentRead MoreMusic : The Power Of Music1741 Words   |  7 Pages Uses of Music The Power of Music Ariel Balda South Piedmont Community College Abstract Music is something has been around for a really long time. Music can be seen as a form in which artists express themselves but it could also benefit people that listen to it. Music has many uses for people. Musical therapy is a type of therapy that has been developed and researched well. Patients using musical therapy benefit in many ways such as helping in dealing with emotions, improvingRead MoreMusic Therapy Is Effective Or Not?925 Words   |  4 Pagestoday’s day and age, people cannot go anywhere or do anything without listening to music. From elevator music, to exercise in the gym, to background music in restaurants, to the radio in the car, we cannot escape music. It is such an overlooked yet essential part of our daily lives, but what is unknown by many is that music is also used very deliberately in the lives of others. Many hospitals use music therapy to help treat their stroke patients, premature infants, those diagnosed with AlzheimerRead MoreTheory of Music a nd its Effects on Health and Wellness900 Words   |  4 PagesTheory of Music and its Effects on Health and Wellness Chronic diseases are a problem for the mind and body. Not only are chronic diseases harmful to the body, they take a toll on a person’s psychological wellbeing. Depression, anxiety, and stress are the most common problems associated with chronic diseases. They are harmful to the body and inhibit recovery. However, the theory of music has been proven to decrease stress, depression, and contribute to improved health. Patients with chronic diseasesRead MoreEssay about Alternative Methods of Healing: Music Therapy1561 Words   |  7 Pagesdocumented and widely used. Physical therapy is often a precursor to surgery and many times will prevent the need to undergo a more invasive procedure. A lesser-known form of alternative healing but becoming more popular is music therapy. In the late 18th century, scientists began to investigate the effects of music on the human body; however, using music as a healing medium dates back to ancient times. There are many forms and techniques of music therapy that aid a variety of disabilities havingRead MoreMusic and sounds have the power to effect one’s thoughts and emotions. Certain tones, pitches,1300 Words   |  6 PagesMusic and sounds have the power to effect one’s thoughts and emotions. Certain tones, pitches, lyrics, and melodies can invoke happiness, sadness, relief, and confidence. To achieve these emotions with music, many people find it helpful to enroll into music therapy. According to the American Music Therapy Association, music therapy is the clinical and evidence-based use of music interventions to accomplish individualized goals. These goals may be to manage stress, promote wellness, alleviate painRead More†¢ Dance, whether it’s publicly or privately. †¢ Listen to music that the patients loved listening1200 Words   |  5 Pages†¢ Dance, whether it’s publicly or privately. †¢ Listen to music that the patients loved listening to before. Even if the therapist doesn’t think it’s the best music choice for the goal that day, it most certainly could be because of the familiar memories it brings back to the client. Know that perceptual modifications can change the way patients hear music. If they say it sounds terrible, listen to their judgment and turn it off. †¢ Attend different types of concerts and venues, giving contemplationRead MoreThe Effects Of Music Therapy On Patients1061 Words   |  5 Pageschoice of music during a receptive music therapy session may not only distract the patient from negative affective states, but also may provide a sense of autonomy and control over a patient s immediate environment. The purpose of the essay was to determine whether receptive music therapy can improve two general dimensions of emotional experience and pain in a single session for patients. The guiding research question was: Will participants experience improved positive affect following a music therapyRead MoreThe Effect of Music in Students775 Words   |  3 Pagesâ€Å"Music is an important and extremely useful tool in the way we learn and to deny its power is a waste of a truly wonderful resource† (Kristian David Olson). Many researches have shown that music can have an affect on a variety of different conditions, including; ones’ education, social connection, and mental healing. Educationally, music can prepare your brain for superior achievements. In effect, this can cause a better understanding of mathematics and language skills or abilities. Socially, musicRead MoreMusic Therapy : What, When, Where, And Why1434 Words   |  6 PagesMusic Therapy: Who, What, When, Where, and Why Music speaks. Through lyrics, harmonies, melodies, dynamics, and rhythms, music speaks. The song â€Å"You’ll Be in my Heart† written and enchantingly sung by Phil Collins always takes me back: â€Å"For one so small-/ You seem so strong-/ My arms will hold you-/ Keep you safe and warm-/ This bond between us-/ Can t be broken-/ I will be here-/ Don t you cry-/ Cause you ll be in my heart-/ Yes, you ll be in my heart-/ From this day on-/ Now and forever

Into the Wild, by Jon Krakauer - 1848 Words

Into the Wild, written by Jon Krakauer, is the story of a young man named Christopher Johnson McCandless who ventured off to Alaska and tried to survive in the wild. McCandless grew up in Annandale, Virginia where he attended school and made very good grades, rarely bringing home anything below an A. His father, Walt worked for NASA for a little while, before starting his own business with Chris’s mother, Billie, out of their own home. They worked hard and for long hours to get the business up and running and it finally paid off. The McCandless family was wealthy, but had many emotional problems. After graduating from Emory University in 1990, Chris McCandless donated twenty-four thousand dollars from his savings account to charity,†¦show more content†¦He had hinted to his parents that he would be heading off on an adventure, but promised that he would visit them first. He never visited; Chris’s graduation was the last time his parents had seen or even heard f rom him. Walt and Billie McCandless were devastated. They hired a private investigator, but had no luck. The author, Jon Krakauer, explains that Billie never left home without leaving a note on the door for Chris in case he returned (Krakauer 125). Billie even says, â€Å"Whenever we were out driving and saw a hitchhiker, if he looked anything like Chris, we’d turn around and circle back† (Krakauer 125). She also admits that night time was the worst and that when it was stormy outside she would wonder, â€Å"Where is he? Is he warm? Is he hurt? Is he lonely? Is he OK?† (Krakauer 125). She would even have nightmares about her son calling for her help (Krakauer 126). This can be unimaginable for any parent. Not knowing where one’s child is could be extremely depressing and could be unhealthy. Chris did not realize how fortunate he was to have a family who loved him dearly and provided shelter and food for him. Another example of this is the fact that Chri s changed his name to Alexander Supertramp. His parents gave him his birth name and by changing that, it was like he was no longer a part of them. This could be a stab in the back for most parents. When he left his farewell note for whoever should find him, he did not mention his parents at all. ChrisShow MoreRelatedInto the Wild by Jon Krakauer563 Words   |  2 PagesJon Krakauer presents Into The Wild a tragic tale of a young ambitious man who is motivated to go into the wilderness and discover his true identity.Jon krakauer conveys many messages to his readers through Chris McCandless, and his messages often offer a warning to society.we will furture idenitfy how the author delievers the warning to society and what effect it can have upon society today.Three of the very important messages he empatizes on are the societies influence on people,the essence ofRead MoreThe Wild By Jon Krakauer1096 Words   |  5 PagesAllyssa Mikes July 2012 Into the Wild Mr. Fertmann Throughout the non-fictional novel Into the Wild, the author Jon Krakauer catches the reader’s interest early on in the book. Krakauer takes us on a journey, telling the story of young Chris McCandless’ adventures after abandoning everything he owned. Krakauer fully emerged himself into the study of McCandless’ life’s adventures and soon developed a deep understanding of who he was and how he impacted to world. Krakauer connected with McCandless in anRead MoreInto The Wild By Jon Krakauer946 Words   |  4 Pagescompelling novel â€Å"Into The Wild† by Jon Krakauer the character and intelligence of the youth in men is questioned. Through the pieced together 200 page novel we are introduced to Christopher Johnson McCandless also known as â€Å"Alex Supertramp†. A ripe 24 years of age he chose to question our reality and his meaning of life that is given to us by hitchhiking across America to the Alaskan wilderness, where after four months in the last frontier he is found dead. Krakauer throughout the novel shows thatRead MoreInto The Wild By Jon Krakauer1330 Words   |  6 Pagesshared.† - Jon Krakauer Into the wild. Jon Krakauer, the author of Into the Wild told the story of Chris McCandless. Chris escaped reality and went to go live off the land in Alaska, hoping to live a simpler life. In the novel, Into the Wild by Jon Krakauer, Chris McCandless shared a similar philosophy with Jack London, as they both have a strong passion for Alaska, they both appreciated they beauty of nature, and both wanted to be reborn. In the novel, Into the Wild by Jon Krakauer, Chris McCandlessRead MoreInto The Wild By Jon Krakauer1349 Words   |  6 PagesSummary Into the Wild by Jon Krakauer is a true story about Chris McCandless who is found dead in the Alaskan wild during September 1992. After discovering that his father had a secret secondary family when Chris was young, Chris pushes away his friends and family and eventually isolates himself. He obtains $25,000 from his parents by lying about attending law school and drives away from home, deserting his real name. 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Throughout the whole book there are instances where krakauer uses real life examples of things that have happened where people haveRead MoreInto The Wild By Jon Krakauer Essay1237 Words   |  5 Pages Jon Krakauer s novel â€Å"Into the wild†, Is a story about a young man named Christopher McCandless or â€Å"Alex Supertramp† who went on a self discovering odyssey in which he had traveled around the U.S. The story surrounds Chris and his travels and what he had done at the time, leading to his death in August 1992. Thus the story takes a direction in the viewpoints of the people Alex has come across through in his travels. 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They both changed their names and they both disappeared. Chris applied for an ID as Alex Supertramp and found a job in Los Angeles. New York Times published about Alex’s death. Jim Gallien and Wayne WesterbergRead MoreInto the Wild: by Jon Krakauer1186 Words   |  5 Pagessense Krakauers natural liking for McCandless. He was sympathetic to McCandless, based on Krakauers sense of a shared experience in their youth and up until McCandless eventual death and Krakauers perceived near death experience on the Devils Thumb. I believe the author’s main point and perspective was formed from his own experience and relationship with his father. While the situations were basically reversed with Chris not approving of his father and Lewis Krakauer disappointed in Jon for not

Adi Godrej Free Essays

Personal Profile Adi Godrej †¢Birth Name: Adi Burjorji Godrej †¢Common Name: Adi Godrej †¢Date of Birth: April 3, 1942 †¢Zodiac Sign: Aries †¢Sex: Male †¢Hair Color: White †¢Nationality: Indian †¢Religion: Hinduism †¢Education: Massachusetts Institute of Technology Family Adi Godrej †¢Father: Burjorji Godrej †¢Mother: Jai Godrej †¢Brother: Nadir Godrej †¢Spouse: Parmeshwar Godrej †¢Son: Pirojsha †¢Daughter: Tanya Dubash, Nisa Godrej Career Adi Godrej †¢Profession: Businessman Trivia Adi Godrej †¢. Submit View All Trivia Quotes Adi Godrej Recently Godrej Industries and our consumer division outsourced their IT architecture to HP. Each division/group works independently, and so the decisions were also independent. We will write a custom essay sample on Adi Godrej or any similar topic only for you Order Now All the same, each department has a different skill set. We wanted to benchmark and balance those. – Unknown submitted by – Vaibhav Dhiman †¢We deployed ERP more than a decade ago to connect with vendors and customers. Today, the ERP covers all modules even the HRD. We further expanded the scope in customer relationship by bringing CRM online.With eCRM, we have taken it a step forward. We refresh the technology regularly. From an MFG Pro ERP ten years ago to SAP, we have come a long way. – Unknown submitted by – Sanjeev Dhiman †¢No. I only use the email and occasionally access the internet. † I have a Blackberry Bold as a personal tool. I do not have a laptop. I work on a desktop. – Unknown submitted by – Sanjeev Dhiman †¢Very important. However, he is not a business strategist, a CEO is responsible. CIO is a part of the business strategy team, and is a part of the business decisions.It should be understood that technology does not dictate business, business dictates technology. A business should be able to leverage technology. BI is also a very important tool to understand customer behaviour. Information is collected and used well. However, technology modules cannot be the center of business. Innovation in prod – Unknown submitted by – Sandeep Sandeep Singh †¢We are in many businesses. We will continue to expand in the B2B segment, and our major areas of growth are the FMCG and property divisions.We are growing at a faster rate then the competition in the FMCG market. In the property market, there is a huge scope for all players to grow. It is a vast market with huge growth potential. – Unknown submitted by – New ID Submit View all Quotes ‘Joint ventures and strategic aliances are not necessarily forever’ Biography Adi Godrej Last Updated: Wednesday, February 13, 2002 . The Godrej products were among the first indigenously manufactured products to move entrenched overseas brands. How to cite Adi Godrej, Papers

Human Resource Management in Todays Market-Myassignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss About the Human Resource Management in Todays Market? Answer: Introduction Management describes formal systems that are formulated for managing of people within an enterprise this leads to three key responsibilities of a human resource manager, which are stuffed, employee compensation and the benefits also it engages in the defining or designing of the work. Human resource department in a company is a critical component of employee well-being in an organization, no matter the size of the business in a company case there are various officers of human resource for instance; human development, under which its framework is designed in aim of helping employees develop necessary organizational skills and also personal skills, knowledge, and abilities are just but added advantages. This is of more help as employees become more senior within the company. In developing of a competitive workforce advantage, it is important that firms see workforce as a competitive weapon. Firms seek to the optimization of their workforce through a comprehensive human resource. Well e stablished human resource management not only achieves business goals but also its very important for the long-term survival of the company. To accomplish this employee have the cognition, there are skills needed in a working environment to provide competency in rapid changing and twisted environment.in my paperwork below I am going to major in human resource management how it affects daily businesses in various organizations.(p, 2009) Human resource management is mainly comprised of several calculated goals and objectives in an organization, for instance, performance and productivity, employer branding, corporate and social responsibility, executive presence, engagement, and retention, as I am going to analyze below.(Albrecht, 2016) Human Visibility as the Human Resource Goal For a successful team for human resource is widely visible in business, in cases where the team is invisible, its not able to reach its target markets, which leads to the best employees leaving the company where there is no care about the team. For this not to come up, Human resource managers tend to be compelled into being active in departments. Thus they are well recognized by employees, for instance, managers have to start discussions, lead the team into having a better output. Goals HR considers the training of managers and leaders on how to set up the targets for all departments and employees. It manages this in an aim of achieving the targets as aligned with the foresight of the organization. Objectives should be taken as examples. Because they are not the tools be achieved to be used as they are provided. Most of them are meant for inspirations; hence they should not be followed blindly.(O'Brien, 2009) The above objectives are important in an organization as they will influence the organization to attain its goals in a most effective and efficient way through the provision of competent and motivated employees. Also, objectives will enhance utilization of the available resources effectively. Furthermore, the objectives will give the employees a better hand in establishing and maintaining of coordinate relations between employees and staff managers. These are just but some of the objectives of human resource management, they are many more others that influence the organization behavior.(Schmidt, 2013) According to these objectives, one may note that they go hand in hand with the organizational strategy. For instance, in attaining of organizational goals effectively and efficiently, the managers tend to provide the organization with competent employees which lead to quality output. This is by the organizational targets. Human resource managers can effectively make use of the available human resources through their objectives by employing employees that will not overwork or underwork in the organization. Furthermore, human resource management objectives also help the employees to attain their job satisfaction and self-actualization which is a key motivator to quality outputs of the organization.(Friedman, 2009) Under any organization in the current world, there are many factors that hinder the action plans from going as systematically as they should proceed. Under human resource management, there are several factors that influence its daily activities. Hence having sharp antennas is imperative because at this very moment the state of the economy is changing rapidly, today a new legislation can come up with immediate changes passed Examples of these constraints are: Government Regulation; with the introduction of such policies, it's required that you stay within the rules governing the operations. Such type of rules can influence the processes of resource departments in their way of training and employ of the staff and much more without adherence to this type of regulation, a company can be fined seriously which can cause heavy damages like it being shut down.(Albrecht, 2016) Economic factors; the situation of the current economy is the dominant effect. This affects ability to hire anyone but also affects the talent pool. The best way for preparing against economic condition is to know the correct happenings in the global industry. During such economic conditions, the organizations need to have a criterion of handling it.(Bates, 2012) Technological Advancement; when there is an introduction of new technology, Human resource department can start looking at the ways they can use so that they maximize the profits. For instance, for a job that has up to six people working under one department could be cut down to four persons not only from a consumer point of view but also from an internal cost-saving way. Working Demographics; the departments must look at the environmental factors influencing the organization as there may be a good enhancement of such affecting the government, hence its necessary to look for ways that can attract a new workforce as the older workforce retires. Organizations hire different ways and offer various types of compensation packages that work better for the younger generation that comes in coming.(Lohrey, 2017) As the human resource managers put into consideration the factors mentioned above, human resource decisions own the best course of action because it's usually much easier after conducting a cost-benefit analysis in the company's books. The use of cost-benefit analysis, human resource can be able to quantify and compare potential returns against associated costs from the investment of the various projects. Employee training human resource programs have both visible and hidden costs. Visible costs may include things such as organizations equipment, supplies, fees paid to a trainee and also a design specialist. Indirect costs may include wages and loss of yielding time for the participation of employees. For instance, safety training program cost profile may include a trainee, wages, refreshments and program materials. Assume a situation where human resource managers anticipate profits for the organization after putting into consideration of the cost-benefit analysis; then an external factor affects the business after all the relevant strategies have been put across and the profits have been established waiting to be generated. In this case, the human resource manager is most likely to fail because the external factors that are affected, and strategies had been put across.(Bates, 2012) However, the organization also consider the benefits of the return on investments. This benefit majorly, the loss in productivity and the drop-in wage expenses, for example, a cost-benefit analysis for a safe control training program would show how the program can reduce workers compensation insurance premiums and potential legal fees, one may also allow human resource management to be able to compare the potential returns of many choices. For instance, the alternative solutions that meet business for the yearly hiring needs may include a cost-benefit analysis for the implementation of a program, advertising in radio and television campaigns and the designing.(Fryer, 2016) Return to Instrument Formula Return on instrument formula is measured by subtracting the total cost of investments from the generated gains from investments; then the total is usually divided by the initial cost of the investment, that is; ROI= Gain -initial capital investment Gain from the initial capital investment simply refers to the proceeds obtained from the sale of the investment of interest.(Beattie, 2017) Return on instrument benefit is a useful point for sizing up any investment, because of its historical nature; it calculates all the past returns. As investment can do well in the past still falter in the future. For instance, in the past, an investment may yield returns of their growth stage and fall to the digit in the maturity stage.(DeGraff, 2010) Evaluation Process. The process involves collecting information about a programs activities, characteristics, and the outcomes. Human resource managers need to evaluate their plan after generating it. This evaluation majorly concerns with the outcomes; hence the outcomes may be short or long term outcomes. For a human resource manager, being very clear is important from the beginning of a project or intervention of the expectations, objectives, and outcomes, and to be able to identify when to realize specific changes for the expected specific population. In organization implementation measuring tools in evaluating employees activities and how they perform in those activities helps the company to shape the department; the evaluating may be done as career development reviews. The latter helps the company to realign its goals, install the criteria of training, stress on the job responsibilities as well as checking on the climate of the working place. However, also constant evaluation of success is imperati ve to a comprehensive human resource strategy. For example, suppose sale figures indicate the need for an interesting staff. The human resource department puts into consideration the efforts into hiring the extra dozen people needed and being their staff trainees.(Esther, 2002) Evaluation of training As the organizations are spending most on the training and evaluation, the effectiveness of training has become critical. Training shapes the well-being of a person, the evaluation of training measures the way the person has been transformed. This helps to collect all the information required to make effective training decisions. Though is a very important phase of being successful it is usually assumed in most cases. The lack of time and resources hinders management to carry out this activity of evaluation complete the evaluation. Though you may want successful carry out the training, it will be difficult to measure the output of the worker and the efforts put in the training.(Altarawneh, 2013) Basing on this research, I can conclude that the following initiatives should be followed up to the end: The articulation of vision, mission, and values; my implication on this is simply that, the clarity in the production sector. Human Resource, good practices indicators, indicate that there should be a sense of purpose reflected in the department's vision, mission, and values. The human resource management should also involve the staff in discussion and generate ownership. The vision should reflect on the organization relying on customers culture in departmental policies and basically on procedures and practices.(Beattie, 2017) Drawing up of human resource plan; For one to be able to identify a good practice indicator, one should be able to note the human resource management plan that is developed under the senior management, departments strategic direction, clearly formulated by the top team, specificity objectives and sets of actions to the human resource plan and clearly explains how each will help address a certain human resource issues in achievement of departmental visions and missions.(Martell, 1995) Manpower; the derivation of information from successive plans that are put into the training and the development of individual plans there should also be career interviews are to be conducted by the members of staff. The staff needs to be told the path of the career that is needed to be followed.(Cappeli, 2015) Performance and management style; the staff should be able to recognize performance and management; it is supposed to know that, management is usually a responsibility of the supervisors. There should be ways which ensure that there are fairness and openness in the organization, of the appraisal process. Furthermore, the system should be made in a way that there is competition amongst workers.(Wrirht, 2011) Training development; timed training to be provided to all new staff with management training to be provided afterward. It should be able to diverse set of training and development activities, for example, overseeing attachments, training and secretariat attachment.(DeGraff, 2010) Service quality; production should focus on their customers. Measures should also be put up in place to audit the performance improvement and also the mode of operation should be oriented.(Martell, 1995) Conclusion Through this article, I have learned that Human resource management serves the central and the most important stage in any organization. Without human resource management teams, many businesses will not be to success in the current world. As much as the human resource is of the key value, it should also be known that the day to day happenings of the business in the current world, without which it can be a major demote to the success of the business. In addition to that, as far as the human resource is important, other aspects are important in the running of the business, for example, the organization must comprise of all levels of management. There is the top level that is made up of various managers like delegations, executive, and delegations. Middle-level management comprises; talent development, team building, and performance management. Lastly, there is a lower level that is comprised of; coaching of performance these are the key aspects of an organization to existing hence they are very important. References Albrecht, K., 2016. Theories of organizational culture. 3rd ed. New York: Organisation studies. Altarawneh, 2013. Training and development evaluation. 5th ed. Washington dc: Motherwell publishers. Armstrong, M., 2014. Human Capital Management. 19th ed. New York: Handbook of Human Resource Management. Bates, S., 2012. Problems with measuring the ROI. 2nd ed. Washington dc: Freelance writer. Beattie, A., 2017. Guide to calculating ROI. 3rd ed. Chicago: the flyer. Cappelli, P., 2015. Why we Love to Hate Human Resource Management. 22nd ed. London: Harvard Business Review. DeGraff, J. E., 2010. The Changing Environment of HR Association. 21st ed. New York: New Press. Esther, E. A., 2002. Tales from the Hiring Line. 31st ed. London: Technology on HR Processes. Friedman, E., 2009. External factors that affect human resource management. 3rd ed. Chicago: Leaving adventures. Fryer, J., 2016. Return on investment analysis. 3rd ed. Washington dc: Human Resource magazine. Lohrey, J., 2017. Human resource accounting cost-benefit analysis. 5th ed. England: Research works. Martell, K. D., 1995. Recommendations on how managers should be treated. 4th ed. Chicago: New stationaries publishers. Mayo, E., 1945. Harthome and Western Electric Company. 2nd ed. Washington: Harvard Business School. O'Brien, M., 2009. Human Resource Executive Online. 1st ed. London: New Press. Paauwe, J., 2009. Strategic Human Resource Management. G.Wood ed. London: Routledge. P, j., 2009. human resource management in changing organizational. 2nd ed. London: Routledge. schmidt, m., 2013. business case analysis. 1st ed. England: expressions of concern. Wright, P., 2011. The 2011 CHRO: Challenge. 11th ed. Washington: Cornell Center.